On May 11-12, 2022, the first of nine sector modules for the ITER tokamak's vacuum vessel was lifted and installed into the assembly pit. This marked a significant step in the construction of the world's largest fusion experiment, a joint international project aiming to demonstrate the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion power on a commercial scale. Each sector module weighs approximately 450 tonnes and forms part of the 38-meter diameter, 12-meter high torus that will contain the D-T plasma. Source: Youtube

The installation involved complex logistical operations, including the use of specialized heavy-lift cranes and precise alignment procedures. The vacuum vessel is a critical component, designed to withstand extreme temperatures and magnetic fields while maintaining a high vacuum necessary for plasma confinement. Its inner surface is lined with tungsten and beryllium tiles, which will face the plasma and absorb heat and particles. The successful placement of this first module validates the assembly sequence and the readiness of the infrastructure at the ITER site in Cadarache, France. Source: Youtube

The installation involved complex logistical operations, including the use of specialized heavy-lift cranes and precise alignment procedures.

The ITER project, a collaboration of 35 nations, is designed to achieve a plasma gain factor (Q) of 10, meaning it will produce ten times more fusion power than the external heating power injected into the plasma. While the primary goal is scientific demonstration, the ultimate aim is to pave the way for future fusion power plants. The construction timeline has faced delays and cost overruns, but milestones like this module installation underscore the ongoing progress. The project's success hinges on overcoming significant engineering challenges related to materials science, magnet technology, and plasma control. Source: Youtube

Each sector module is a complex assembly in itself, incorporating vacuum pumping ducts, diagnostic ports, and interfaces for cooling and electrical systems. The precise geometry and surface finish of the vacuum vessel are crucial for effective plasma confinement and minimizing impurities. The installation process requires meticulous planning and execution to ensure that the modules fit together seamlessly, forming a continuous, leak-tight torus. The remaining eight modules will be installed in subsequent phases of the assembly campaign. Source: Youtube

Future steps in the ITER assembly include the installation of the remaining vacuum vessel modules, followed by the central solenoid magnets, the toroidal field coils, and the blanket modules. The project aims to achieve first plasma in late 2025 and deuterium-tritium operations in the mid-2030s. The performance of the vacuum vessel and its subsequent integration with other core components will be closely monitored as assembly progresses. Source: Youtube