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France · Magnetic confinement (tokamak)

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor

Operated by ITER Organization · First operation 2034

Status: Under construction

The largest fusion experiment ever built — a $25B+ international project designed to demonstrate Q = 10 sustained burning plasma.

ITER is a magnetic-confinement tokamak under construction in Cadarache, France, by a 35-nation collaboration (EU, US, China, India, Japan, Korea, Russia). Its goal: 500 MW of fusion power from 50 MW of input heating — a tenfold gain — sustained for minutes. First plasma is targeted for 2034 with DT operations in the late 2030s.

Key specifications

Plasma volume
840 m³
Magnetic field
5.3 T toroidal
Target Q
10 (500 MW out / 50 MW in)
Pulse duration
400–600 s

Milestones

  1. 2007

    ITER Organization established

  2. 2020

    Assembly phase begins

  3. 2024

    New baseline: first plasma 2034, DT operations 2039

  4. 2034

    Targeted first plasma

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